Český časopis historický 3/2018

Historický ústav AV ČR, v.v.i. - <p>Z obsahu:<br /> PEŠEK Jiří<br /> Vznik, charakter a konec první Československé republiky (Několik úvah k aktuálním diskusím) … s. 659<br /> (The Foundation, Character and End of the First Czechoslovak Republic. [Some reflections on current discussions])<br /> The author has used the 100th anniversary of the foundation of Czechoslovakia to review its history and historiography. He confronts traditional (positive) myths with the current, intentionally extreme and historical facts disregarding critiques of "Masaryk‘s Republic". To this end, the author puts the Czechoslovak narrative, usually presented in isolation, into Central European and pan-European contexts and comparisons. For it is only those contexts that, indeed, provide the framework for assessing this democratic experiment. Therefore, the author sketches the foundation of the Czechoslovak republic within the context of the collapse of the Central European monarchies transformed into military dictatorships during World War I. Further, he portrays the entrenchment of Czechoslovak democracy within the framework of the efforts of the Allied powers to base the post-war peace in Europe upon a system of democratic republics and the principle of collective security. Nazi Germany's de facto annexation of democratic Czechoslovakia is then depicted as a result of the collapse of this European system once the great Western powers effectively abandoned it and the power of the main European dictatorships grew rapidly.<br /><br /> KLEČACKÝ Martin<br /> Převzetí moci. Státní správa v počátcích Československé republiky 1918-1920 na příkladu Čech … s. 693<br /> (The Takeover of Power. The State Administration at the Beginnings of the Czechoslovak Republic 1918-1920 using the Example of the Czech Lands)<br /> This study deals with the process of the takeover of the political administration as the most important branch of the Austrian state administration on the territory of the Czech Lands by the Czechoslovak state, both at the level of individual district units (okresni hejtmanstvi) as well as at the level of the Governor's Office (mistodržitelstvi) between 1918-1920. It primarily focuses on personnel changes, which are used to document the degree of continuity between the Austrian and Czechoslovak administrations.<br /><br /> HÁLEK Jan - MOSKOVI? Boris<br /> "Maffie" (1914-1918) pohledem československé historiografie: strategie - význam - interpretace … s. 733<br /> ("Maffie" [1914-1918] as viewed by Czechoslovak historiography: strategy - importance - interpretation)<br /> The current study analyses changes relating to the approach of Czechoslovak historiography to the phenomenon of Czech domestic anti-Austrian resistance (1914-1918), better known by its later name "Maffie". Firstly, the authors observe how the circumstances of academic research and also the manner of interpretation of this issue changed during the 1918-1968 period. In Part I, they firstly deal with the initial references to "the Maffie" following the foundation of an independent Czechoslovak state, namely the politisation and instrumentalisation of this concept in the public domain and especially its reflection in contemporary historiography. In Part II, the authors' attention turns to the reflection of "the Maffie" on the part of Marxist historiography in the years 1948-1968. The authors demonstrate the changes of academic research on Czech anti-Austrian resistance not merely in the approaches of individual authors but also on the basis of a wider development of the science of history.<br /><br /> KURHAJCOVÁ Alica<br /> Dominancia a marginalizácia historickej pamäti v Uhorsku (na príklade pomníkovej kultúry Slovákov) … s. 764<br /> (The Dominance and Marginalisation of Historical Memory in Hungary [using the example of the Memorial Culture of the Slovaks])<br /> This study documents how the dominance of the historical memory of one national group is reflected in the public domain, while at the same time the memory of another national gr</p>