Slovanský přehled č. 3/2018

Historický ústav AV ČR, v.v.i. - <p>Z obsahu:<br /> I. Anarchie a anarchismus v Evropě, zejména v Rusku 18. až 20. století (historické, literárněvědné a filozofické reflexe)<br /> Anarchy and anarchism in Europe, especially in Russia of the 18th to 20th century (historical, literary and philosofical reflections)<br /> 1. TOMEK Václav<br /> K charakterizaci anarchismu 19. století prostřednictvím jeho vybraných osobností <br /> s. 487-515<br /> To the characterization of the anarchism of the 19th century through its selected figures<br /> In the second half of the 19th century, anarchism presents itself in certain characteristic signs and manifestations. Although the representatives of anarchism themselves willingly emphasize the originality of their ideas and their resistance to doctrine, their ideas come closer in the radical critique of economic and social relations, in the criticism of the Church and religion, as well as the sharp criticism of the other political parties, but at the same time they differ in their individual accents of their negation of the existing circumstances. The anarchistic level of their critique leads them from individual negation all the way to demands for a radical transformation of society, to different ideas about the nature of revolutionary behaviour, and the character of revolutionary change. From there, various forms and concepts of the future "post-revolution” society, visions of the anticipated freedom, on the character of the new social relations developed. For the characterization of the anarchism of the given period, the personalities of its French representative Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, the Russian revolutionary Mikhail Bakunin, the former German MP Johann Most, the original scientist Peter Kropotkin and the university educated German socialist Gustav Landauer and the entirely differently thinking Young Hegelian Max Stirner were chosen.<br /><br /> 2. HREBIKOVÁ Anežka<br /> Opoziční inteligence za vlády Kateřiny II. a Alexandra I. jako předchůdce ruských anarchistů. Příklad Alexandra Nikolajeviče Radiščeva a Nikolaje Ivanoviče Turgeněva<br /> s. 517-531<br /> The opposition intelligentsia during the reign of Catherine II and Alexander I as forerunners of the Russian anarchists: The example of Alexander Nikolayevich Radishchev and Nikolay Ivanovich Turgenev<br /> Within the search for the roots of the Russian anarchistic movements, the study deals with the early aristocratic intelligentsia during the reign of Catherine II and Alexander I. Based on a biographic summary of the activity and analyses of the work of the writer of Catherine's time Alexander Nikolayevich Radishchev and the participant of the Dekabrist movement at the beginning of the 19th century Nikolay Ivanovich Turgenev, the aim of the study is to prove the existence of the forming class of the intelligentsia and its clear influence on the subsequent Russian social or liberal movements, including the anarchists. The study points out mainly the problematic issue of serfdom, the critique of this phenomenon and the effort for its abolition. The question of serfdom is shown in the study as a theme, which most connected the early Russian intelligentsia and the anarchistic movement.<br /><br /> 3. VLČEK Radomír<br /> Od Karakozova ke Kropotkinovi. Ruský anarchismus 60. a 70. let 19. století<br /> s. 533-558<br /> From Karakozov to Kropotkin: Russian anarchism of the 1860s and 1870s<br /> The aim of the study is a discussion of the roots of Russian anarchism and its transformations in the course of the 1860s and 1870s. In the sense of the observation of anarchism in Russian space, the work has an analytical character. At the same time, it contains elements of synthesis and comparison, which place it into the wider European contexts. The study relies mainly on the primary literature, the authors of which were the followed Russian anarchists and the edited sources, but it respects the conclusions of the secondary literature, especially of neglected Russian provenience in the Czech milieu.&lt;</p>